Outpatient management of patients with acute diarrhea
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1. First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
2. Joint Hospital with Polyclinic of the Administrative Directorate of the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow
3. Central Clinical Hospital of Rehabilitation Treatment "Goluboe" of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Goluboe Settlement, Moscow Region
4. City Polyclinic No. 195 of the Moscow Healthcare Department
One of the main reasons for increased attention to the problem of acute intestinal infections (AII) is the significant increase in the frequency of fatal outcomes within one year after an episode of diarrhea – 2.2% versus 0.7% in patients without AII in the year preceding the study.
Diarrhea: Criteria, Classification
Diarrhea is understood as a clinical syndrome of varying etiology and pathogenesis, characterized by the frequent passage of watery or loose stools.
Diagnostic criteria for diarrhea:
- Mandatory:
- – Increased stool volume due to the liquid component;
- Stool consistency ranging from unformed (soft, loose) to watery;
- Increased frequency of bowel movements compared to the individual's norm.
- Supportive:
- Increased daily stool weight (>200 g);
- Increased frequency of defecation acts (>3 times per day);
- Urgent nature of the urge to defecate;
- Presence of pathological impurities in the stool (mucus, blood) or undigested food.
The working classification of diarrhea is based on the nature of the onset and duration of symptoms: acute diarrhea: <14 days; persistent diarrhea: >14 days but <30 days; chronic diarrhea: >30 days or a history of recurrent diarrhea episodes.
According to international data, the frequency of diarrheal infections in industrialized countries is 0.5–2.0 episodes per person per year. In terms of prevalence, acute intestinal infections (AII) are second only to acute respiratory diseases.
The full text of the article is available in the file: "Management of Patients with Acute Diarrhea at the Outpatient-Polyclinic Stage"
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